Future tense

Importance of tense in English grammar

Tense is an essential aspect of English grammar that refers to the time frame in which an action or event occurs. It provides vital information about the sequence of events, the duration of an action, and the relationship between actions or events. Proper use of tense ensures clarity and accuracy in communication, helping readers and listeners understand the intended meaning of a sentence. There are three main tenses in English grammar: past, present, and future, and each tense has four forms. By using different tense forms, we can express a wide range of meanings and convey the time frame of an action or event accurately. Overall, tense is a critical element in effective communication, allowing us to express ourselves accurately and convey the intended meaning of our words.

There are three main tenses in English:

1. Present tense: used to describe actions or events happening now or in the present time. For example: “I am going to the store.”
2. Past tense: used to describe actions or events that have already happened in the past. For example: “I went to the store yesterday.”
3. Future tense: used to describe actions or events that will happen in the future. For example: “I will go to the store tomorrow.”

In English, there are also several forms of each tense that can be used to express different aspects of the action or event, such as the progressive aspect (to describe an ongoing action), the perfect aspect (to describe a completed action), and the perfect progressive aspect (to describe an ongoing action that will be completed in the future).

Tense can be used in writing and speaking to express a range of meanings, such as to describe past experiences, future plans, or present situations. In addition, tense can also be used to convey a certain mood or attitude, such as to express certainty, possibility, or hypothetical situations.

It is important to note that different languages have different rules for tense and its use, so it is important to study the rules and patterns of the specific language you are learning or using.

What is Future tense    (भविष्य काल)

Future tense is a verb form that indicates an action, event or state that is expected to happen in the future. It is used to express a prediction, plan, intention, or expectation of something that will occur later.

There are four types of Future tense:

1. Simple Future tense
2. Future continuous tense
3. Future perfect tense
4. Future perfect continuous tense

Simple future tense     (will)    गा / गी / गे

The simple future tense is used to describe an action that will take place in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” followed by the base form of the main verb. The simple future tense is often used to make predictions, express intentions, or talk about scheduled events. For example, “I will meet you at the restaurant at 7 pm” or “He shall graduate from college next year”. Note that “shall” is not commonly used in American English.

Some common uses of the simple future tense:

1. Predictions and assumptions about the future: “It will rain tomorrow.”
2. Future plans and intentions: “I will attend the conference next week.”
3. Offers and promises: “I will help you with your project.”
4. Requests and invitations: “Will you please pass me the salt?”
5. Instant decisions and actions: “I will answer the phone.”
6. Conditions and possibilities: “If it snows tomorrow, we will stay inside.”
7. Statements of probability or certainty: “He will surely pass the exam.”

Simple future tense:

1. I will go to the beach this weekend.
2. She will graduate from college next year.
3. They will start a new business venture in the coming months.

• Simple past tense structures Example: 

1. Affirmative Sentences:

2. Negative Sentences

3. Negative Interrogative Sentences

4. Interrogative Sentences

1. Affirmative Sentences: Affirmative sentences are statements that express a positive or true fact. In the context of tense, affirmative sentences describe actions or events that have occurred or are occurring in the present, past, or future.

2. Negative Sentences: Negative sentences are statements that express a negative or false fact. In the context of tense, negative sentences describe actions or events that did not occur or are not occurring in the present, past, or future.

3. Negative Interrogative Sentences: Negative interrogative sentences are questions that ask for confirmation of a negative statement. In the context of tense, negative interrogative sentences ask whether a negative action or event occurred or is occurring in the present, past, or future.

4. Interrogative Sentences: Interrogative sentences are questions that ask for information or clarification. In the context of tense, interrogative sentences ask about actions or events that occurred or are occurring in the present, past, or future.

Simple Future tense structure Example

Affirmative Sentences:

Subject + will + base form of verb + rest of sentence

Some examples:

• The concert will start at 8 PM.
• We will visit our grandparents next weekend.
• They will finish their project by the end of the month.

Simple Future tense structure Example

Negative Sentences:

Subject + will not + base form of verb + rest of sentence

    Some examples:

• The weather will not be good tomorrow.
• They won’t attend the meeting on Monday.
• She will not pass the exam if she doesn’t study.

Simple Future tense structure Example

Negative Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + not + base form of verb + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Won’t you come to the party tomorrow?
• Will they not finish the project on time?
• Won’t she be disappointed if she doesn’t get the job?

Simple Future tense structure Example

Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + base form of verb + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Will you go to the concert with me?
• Will they study for their exams this weekend?
• Will she start her new job next week?

Time expressions and their uses in the Simple Future tense:

• Tomorrow – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will occur on the day following the current day.

Example:

I will go to the park tomorrow.

• Next week/month/year – These time expressions refer to events that will occur in the future, specifically during the next week, month, or year.

Example:

We will have a meeting next week.

• In a few minutes/hours – These time expressions refer to actions that will occur within a few minutes or hours from the current time.

Example:

She will call you in a few minutes.

• Soon – This time expression refers to an action that will occur in the near future, but not necessarily with a specific time frame.

Example:

They will leave soon.

• Later – This time expression refers to an action that will occur at a later time, but not necessarily with a specific time frame.

Example:

He will do his homework later.

• By [specific time] – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will be completed by a specific time in the future.

Example:

I will finish the report by tomorrow morning.

• In [number] days/weeks/months/years – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will occur in a specific number of days, weeks, months, or years from the current time.

Example:

We will start our vacation in two weeks.

Future continuous tense (Will be)   रहा होगा / रही होगी / रहे होगे

The future continuous tense is used to describe an action that will be in progress at a specified time in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” followed by the present participle form of the main verb with “-ing” ending. The future continuous tense is often used to talk about actions that will be in progress or ongoing in the future. For example, “I will be studying at this time tomorrow” or “They will be traveling to Europe next month”

Some common uses of the future continuous tense:

1. Actions in progress at a specific time in the future: “At 9 pm tonight, I will be watching a movie.”
2. Actions that will be ongoing at a certain point in the future: “By this time next week, I will be packing for my trip.”
3. Future actions that have been planned or arranged: “We will be meeting with the client at 2 pm tomorrow.”
4. Predictions and assumptions about ongoing actions in the future: “He will be working hard to finish the project by the deadline.”
5. Future actions that are expected to be in progress when another action takes place: “When I arrive, he will be playing video games.”

Future continuous tense:

1. At 9 pm tonight, I will be studying for my final exams.
2. By this time next year, they will be traveling across Europe.
3. At the party tomorrow, he will be dancing with his friends.

Future continuous tense structure Example

Affirmative Sentences:

Subject + will be + present participle (base form of verb + -ing) + rest of sentence

Some examples:

• I will be studying for my exams tomorrow evening.
• They will be traveling to Europe this time next week.
• He will be working on his project all day tomorrow.

Future continuous tense structure Example

Negative Sentences:

Subject + will not be + present participle (base form of verb + -ing) + rest of sentence

Some examples:

• I will not be studying for my exams tomorrow evening.
• They won’t be traveling to Europe this time next week.
• He will not be working on his project all day tomorrow.

Future continuous tense structure Example

Negative Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + not be + present participle (base form of verb + -ing) + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Won’t you be studying for your exams tomorrow evening?
• Won’t they be traveling to Europe this time next week?
• Will he not be working on his project all day tomorrow?

Future continuous tense structure Example

Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + be + present participle (base form of verb + -ing) + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Will you be studying for your exams tomorrow evening?
• Will they be traveling to Europe this time next week?
• Will he be working on his project all day tomorrow?

Time expressions and their uses in the Future continuous tense:

• At [specific time] – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.

Example:

I will be studying at 9 pm tonight.

• Tomorrow/Next week/month/year – These time expressions refer to actions that will be in progress at some point in the future, specifically during the next week, month, or year.

Example:

They will be traveling to Paris next month.

• All day/week/month/year – These time expressions refer to actions that will be in progress for an entire day, week, month, or year.

Example:

We will be working on this project all day tomorrow.

• In [number] minutes/hours – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will start in a specific number of minutes or hours from the current time.

Example:

He will be arriving in two hours.

• By [specific time] – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will still be in progress at a specific time in the future.

Example:

I will be working on this project until 5 pm.

• During [event/time period] – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will be in progress during a specific event or time period in the future.

Example: ”

We will be skiing during our vacation next week.

Future perfect tense   (will have)   गया होगा / आ होगी / चुका होगा

The future perfect tense is used to describe an action that will have been completed before a specific time in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” followed by the past participle form of the main verb. The future perfect tense is often used to talk about an action that will be finished or completed before another action or event in the future. For example, “By next year, she will have graduated from college” or “I will have finished reading this book by tomorrow.”

Some common uses of the future perfect tense:

1. Actions that will be completed at a specific time in the future: “By 10 pm tonight, I will have finished my homework.”
2. Actions that will have been completed before another action in the future: “By the time they arrive, we will have already eaten dinner.”
3. Predictions and assumptions about the future, with an emphasis on completion: “I’m sure she will have found a new job by next month.”
4. Actions that will have been ongoing for a specific period of time before a certain point in the future: “By the end of the year, I will have been studying Spanish for two years.”
5. Speculations about a past event from a future perspective: “They will have regretted their decision to move to the city.”

Future perfect tense:

1. By the end of the day, I will have completed all my pending work.
2. They will have been married for 20 years by next month.
3. By the time we arrive at the concert, the band will have already finished their performance.

Future perfect tense structure Example

Affirmative Sentences:

Subject + will have + past participle (third form of the verb) + rest of sentence

Some examples:

• I will have finished my work by 5 pm.
• They will have completed their project by the end of the month.
• He will have lived in London for ten years next year.

Future perfect tense structure Example

Negative Sentences:

Subject + will not have + past participle (third form of verb) + rest of sentence

Some examples:

• I will not have finished my work by 5 pm.
• They won’t have completed their project by the end of the month.
• He will not have lived in London for ten years next year.

Future perfect tense structure Example

Negative Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + not have + past participle (third form of verb) + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Won’t you have finished your work by 5 pm?
• Won’t they have completed their project by the end of the month?
• Will he not have lived in London for ten years next year?

Future perfect tense structure Example

Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + have + past participle (third form of verb) + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Will you have finished your work by 5 pm?
• Will they have completed their project by the end of the month?
• Will he have lived in London for ten years next year?

Time expressions and their uses in the Future perfect tense:

• By [specific time] – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will be completed before a specific time in the future.

Example:

I will have finished the report by noon.

• In [number] hours/days/weeks/months/years – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will be completed in a specific number of hours, days, weeks, months, or years in the future.

Example:

They will have been married for 10 years next month.

• By the time [event occurs] – This time expression is used to refer to an action that will be completed before a specific event occurs in the future.

Example:

By the time he arrives, we will have finished our meeting.

• Before/After [specific time/event] – These time expressions refer to actions that will be completed before or after a specific time or event in the future.

Example:

I will have eaten breakfast before I leave for work.

• When/Once [specific event occurs] – These time expressions refer to actions that will be completed when or once a specific event occurs in the future.

Example:

Once the rain stops, we will have finished our picnic.

• Already – This time expression is used to indicate that an action has already been completed in the future.

Example:

I will have already left by the time you arrive.

Future perfect continuous tense      (Will have been) ता आ रहा होगा / ते आ रही होगी

The future perfect continuous tense is used to describe an action that will have been ongoing for a period of time before a specific time in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” followed by “have been” + the present participle form of the main verb with “-ing” ending. The future perfect continuous tense is often used to emphasize the duration of an ongoing action before a particular time in the future. For example, “By the end of the year, I will have been working at this company for 10 years” or “He will have been studying for the exam for three hours by the time it starts.”

Some common uses of the future perfect continuous tense:

1. Actions that will have been in progress for a specific period of time in the future: “By next year, I will have been living in this house for five years.”
2. Actions that will have been ongoing and completed at a specific time in the future: “By the time she arrives, I will have been waiting for her for two hours.”
3. Actions that will have been in progress and completed before another action or event in the future: “By the time the game starts, the players will have been warming up for an hour.”
4. Predictions and assumptions about the future with an emphasis on duration: “He will have been traveling for six months by the time he returns home.”
5. Hypothetical situations or speculations about the future with an emphasis on ongoing duration: “If she doesn’t hurry, she will have been missing the train for an hour.”

Future perfect continuous tense:

1. By this time next week, I will have been working on this project for three months.
2. By the end of the day, she will have been teaching for eight hours.
3. They will have been living in New York for ten years by the time they move to California.

Future perfect continuous tense structure Example

Affirmative Sentences:

Subject + will have been + present participle (verb + -ing) + rest of sentence

Some examples:

• I will have been working for eight hours by the time I finish my shift.
• They will have been studying for their exam for weeks before the actual test date.
• He will have been playing tennis for an hour by the time we arrive.

Future perfect continuous structure Example

Negative Sentences:

Subject + will not have been + present participle (verb + -ing) + rest of sentence

Some examples:

• I will not have been working for eight hours by the time I finish my shift.
• They will not have been studying for their exam for weeks before the actual test date.
• He will not have been playing tennis for an hour by the time we arrive.

Future perfect continuous structure Example

Negative Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + not + have been + present participle (verb + -ing) + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Will I not have been working for eight hours by the time I finish my shift?
• Will they not have been studying for their exam for weeks before the actual test date?
• Will he not have been playing tennis for an hour by the time we arrive?

Future perfect continuous structure Example

Interrogative Sentences:

Will + subject + have been + present participle (verb + -ing) + rest of sentence?

Some examples:

• Will I have been working for eight hours by the time I finish my shift?
• Will they have been studying for their exam for weeks before the actual test date?
• Will he have been playing tennis for an hour by the time we arrive?

Time expressions and their uses in the Future perfect continuous tense:

• By [specific time] – This time expression is used to refer to the duration of an action that will continue until a specific time in the future.

Example:

I will have been studying for six hours by the time the exam starts.

• For [duration] – This time expression is used to refer to the duration of an action that will continue for a specific amount of time in the future.

Example:

By next month, I will have been working at this company for 5 years.

• Since [specific time] – This time expression is used to refer to the duration of an action that started at a specific time in the past and will continue until a specific point in the future.

Example:

By the end of the year, she will have been living in this city since 2010.

• Until/Till [specific time/event] – These time expressions refer to the duration of an action that will continue until a specific time or event in the future.

Example:

I will have been waiting for him until he arrives.

• All day/night/week/month/year – These time expressions refer to the duration of an action that will continue for the entire day, night, week, month, or year.

Example:

By the end of the day, I will have been working for 12 hours.

• Throughout [event/duration] – This time expression refers to the duration of an action that will continue throughout a specific event or duration in the future.

Example:

She will have been dancing throughout the entire concert.